Different types of surveillance include:
- 'natural surveillance' (e.g. residents; self-surveillance opportunities as facilitated by windows)
- 'formal or organised surveillance' (e.g. police patrols)
- 'mechanical surveillance' (e.g. street lighting and CCTV).
Natural surveillance (e.g. residents; self-surveillance opportunities as facilitated by windows) formal surveillance (e.g. police patrols) and mechanical surveillance strategies (e.g. street lighting and CCTV) have all proven effective in reducing both crime and the fear of crime.